Fortsetzung über Marschrutkas / Continued discussion on the bus Ich möchte das vorgestrige Gespräch über Marshrutkas continuing.
After the exchanges the last two days found it that some people believe that marshrutkas are as essential urban transport of the post-Soviet space is an inevitable consequence after the collapse of the Soviet urban public transport system, where prices and operating costs were not together in agreement. This is true, but only in part.
A mismatch between consumer prices (to people) and operating costs (to producers) was a common feature, we may even it is "ideological nature" call of the Soviet economy. You could say was hardly what would be an adequate Price for goods and services. What would be the exchange rate between the Soviet rubles and German marks or dollars. What you could certainly say that all such disagreements were compared and inefficiencies with the income from oil and gas sale on the international market. And that's what drove the USSR into the abyss, as oil prices dramatically in the 1980s, fell down.
was of course public transport is an integral part of this system.
But after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of many post-Soviet, post-communist countries, we can see stark differences in how, in such countries respective transport systems have been reformed.
For example, work in the Baltic States, the transportation perfect or almost perfect - as in Western Europe. In contrast here, in Ukraine, one fights in vain against the congenital defects of the old socialist economic principles. So, for example, the "social burden" on the Ukrainian city traffic is enormous - in addition to pensioners who use public transport free of charge, there are many other categories of various state officials privileged in that sense. For these passengers is probably preferred to be paid from the state budget. For years, accuses the Government Kharkiv, that will not be subsidies from the state budget in full and do not get time. And that is after the mayor of our city because of poor maintenance of the tram rails and road car parks, as well as his sustainable delays with salary payments to staff.
And this is perhaps the most interesting moment: no one can really say how much in this country subsidies for public transport, the city needs, ie how many pensioners actually use public transportation and how regularly.
Currently the fare in Kharkiv tram 1 hryvnya, ie about 0.1 €. Yes, cheap by Western European standards, but not cheap for the Ukrainian. So, our mayor tries to convince all of them passionately, that 1) the fare is not enough, 2) subsidies from the state budget does not quite show and not means complete.
Good! I am not an expert on the economy, etc. but I am able to open me analyze information, ie what I see. Then I ask the question: why the journey is in a small marshrutka, which costs between 1.75 UAH and 2.5 UAH and is excluded for retirees as well as be profitable for operators. A streetcar can easily accommodate up to 200 or even more passengers, meanwhile, a marshrutka able to carry only 20 people. This needs every marshrutka course, a driver, it uses expensive fuel they need, like any machine, regular preventive maintenance. And this means of transport is profitable!
we suggest that he ... yes ... ten, twenty or even thirty non-paying pensioners are in a streetcar - anyway, to the tram, public transport is to be much cheaper than a marshrutka! And so it is in some other states. In contrast, the Ukraine, the public transport system is ruined by one.
Після позавчорашнього exchange views on the so hateful to me kind of public transport like bus, I see that many believe that the destruction of public transport systems in Ukraine (and unsuccessful post-Soviet states) caused by ultra-low fares.
At first glance, this assumption is right. Indeed, the Soviet urban transport, as part of the Soviet economy simply could not have those birth defects of the socialist economic system, about which reasonable people know very well. All socialist "bezplatnosti and goods and services for symbolic prices ended with the collapse of the Soviet economy by sharp drop in oil prices - quite simply, nothing else was to compensate non-competitive production of goods and maintain social standards. End of the Soviet system was a natural. More
occurred partly very interesting process: while in some countries (eg, the Baltic countries, which were once with us in one barracks of the socialist camp) has successfully reformed the economy in general, and urban transport as its integral part, including that in countries such as Ukraine or Russia city transport system slowly but steadily being destroyed. Where more where fewer. For example, in the Russian Voronezh municipal transport almost completely destroyed (remaining three trolley routes and rozdovbani old trolley) and all the city (800 000 for a moment) goes on bus, in the vicinity of the Belgorod Voronezh municipal transport situation more or less normal. In Ukraine, also plenty of examples - even within the same region. For example, 'sitting there are two approximately equal in magnitude, big cities - most of Poltava and Kremenchug. In Kremenchug people about polls still use the bus, in Poltava instead save even municipal buses - for Ukrainian cities that do dykovynka. A number trolley lines in recent years increased (SIC!). Well, Poltava - is a pleasant exception.
In my hometown of Kharkiv municipal transport gradually destroyed. And the unprecedented scale of this process came here during the reign of the infamous symbiosis Dopy-Hyepy (these guys do not need to advertise long, so I do not tell about them).
Kharkiv chronically for years to employees of public transport delayed salaries, and wages are extremely low. When the conductor in the tram I do not give talonchyk and return rate of 25 cents (= pass without a pass, but for 75 kopecks. instead of rate), I have not oburyuyusya although once resented. At the time the new 2011 Kharkov transport operators did not pay money for four months and they went on strike. Then a little bit abandoned. I understand that the conductor then share with driver of these pennies, and they will be even for bread. So I have not oburyuyusya.
main reason for that and Dobkin and Kernes impose on non-payment of wages - is the lack of subventions for transport from the state budget. Well, in Kyiv in our noddle - is generally a good tone. When in power in the capital were orange, the Dopa traditionally nodded his antics on "Kyiv" but here come those who promised to "improve the lives of today" - and the mayor of Kharkov (now Hyepa) traditionally nods to "Kyiv", ie the government, which consists of representatives his political power! Spicy.
Well, okay. "Social burden" on public transport in Ukraine - is generally charmant. Judge for yourself: in a collapse economy, it only increased. So, who well remembers the Soviet times, should know that while retirees did not go free. Moreover, there were numerous category of civil servants who do not pay for travel. For example, prosecutors do not pay, the courts do not pay employees, employees of tax authorities do not pay ... Moreover, find out how much so many people are privileged, almost impossible. On what grounds is the Kharkiv City Council request for subvention for beneficiaries, it is not clear. It's just the mark.
But nevertheless, it is the delay of subsidies for special troops advanced as the main reason for non-payment wages and deplorable condition of transport infrastructure.
Plus, passengers always argue that they pay for travel a little. Here's money for nothing missing.
OK. I was already ready to believe the theory that everything is collapsing due to the relatively low price fare and that there is no delay compensation for reduced contingent, if not one juicy feature. And it concerns transport of these freaks - minibuses.
Let's think logically on the basis that that we all have eyes. Streetcar or trolley
worth UAH 1. As municipal transport bus was gone completely. Instead, bus trip to Kharkiv costs of 1.75 USD. to 2,5 USD. Depending on the private carrier. Realized the difference? Now think further: a tram train is easy couple of hundred passengers or more. Bus instead contains a couple dozen people - and then, if her stuff. Each bus requires - of course - individual driver, and hence wages. Each bus consumes not cheap fuel. Each bus as well as any vehicle requires regular preventive and repair from time to time.
So here is a low capacity vehicle for 20 passengers for a 2 rate is profitable!
A tram that can take two hundred passengers 1 hryvnia is profitable! This is when listening to our mayor.
However, cool?
Imagine that Mary beneficiaries for nothing in return. Well, how many will be there? More than a hundred? .. No, of course. Just get in the tram to see that the vast majority of paying for travel.
For me, the above is evidence the price of 1 hryvnia - quite adequate. Moreover, it remains adequate even if absolutely no subsidies from the capital city administration for beneficiaries does not receive.
It is also evidence that the present city of Kharkov and other cities for some reason the public transportation system ground consistently and intentionally destroys, pursuing some interests.
with "improving life today," Ukrainian sweet!
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trollblumen complains that passive bliksofanatochki were rarely write zhezheshechke. So, I write: 
